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Hiera Orgas
The 'Hiera Orgas' (Classical Greek: ἱερὰ ὀργάς), meaning ‘sacred meadow’, was a site, which featured in at least two conflicts between Athens and Megara.〔H.G. Liddell, R. Scott and H.S. Jones, ''A Greek-English Lexicon'', (sixth ed.) Oxford, 1869, p. 1245.〕
==Identification==
The ''Hiera Orgas'' was a circular, fertile area of land sacred to the Eleusinian goddesses, Demeter and Persephone. It was probably situated on the Megarian side of the Northern reaches of the Iapis River in the borderland between Athens and Megara.〔J. McDonald, ‘Athens and the ''Hiera Orgas''’ in M. Dillon (ed.), ''Religion in the Ancient World: New Approaches and Themes'', Amsterdam, 1996, pp. 321-323. Cf. J. Ober, ''Fortress Attica: Defense of the Athenian Land Frontier, 404-322 BC'', ''Mnemosyne'', supplement 84, p. 108 (with the map on p. 208).〕
As no boundary markers (''horoi'') have survived, it is not possible to be more specific. Its location between the two states meant that control of the site was always going to be controversial. Megara and Athens had a history of territorial conflict dating back to the sixth century BC, including armed conflict over the island of Salamis.〔A. French, ‘Solon and the Megarian Question’, ''Journal of Hellenic Studies'', vol. 77 (1957), pp. 238-246; G.L. Cawkwell, ‘Anthemocritus and the Megarians and the Decree of Charinus’, ''REG'', vol. 82 (1969), pp. 331-332.〕
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